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Hong Kong CN2
1.
preparation and tool installation
environment: take debian/ubuntu as an example. installation tools: apt update && apt install -y mtr-tiny traceroute iproute2 iputils-ping iperf3 tcpdump vnstat iftop nethogs wget curl. note: mtr is used for continuous route detection, traceroute is used for segmented viewing, iperf3 is used for throughput, vnstat persistent traffic statistics, and iftop/nethogs is used to view traffic occupancy in real time.2.
confirm public network ip and routing information (bgp/whois)
steps: 1) run ip a / ip route on the vps to view the exit interface and public ip; 2) use whois <your ip> or curl "https://rdap.arin.net/..." (or visit bgp.he.net/ip/3.
use traceroute and mtr to determine whether to take cn2
practical operation: 1) traceroute -t -p 443 -n <target mainland ip> (tcp mode is closer to real traffic); 2) mtr -rwzbc 100 <target ip> (first run 100 times to collect packet loss and delay statistics); 3) observe whether there are intermediate hops with the word "cn2" or low latency and less packet loss in the route; if the route drops to a lower rtt and becomes stable immediately after entering china, it is often the operator's high-quality dedicated line (possibly cn2).4.
use iperf3 to measure bandwidth and latency in both directions
steps: 1) run iperf3 -s -i 1 on the vps; 2) run iperf3 -c on the overseas or mainland test terminal5.
real-time traffic monitoring and process-level traffic
install and run: 1) iftop -i eth0 (replaced with the actual egress interface) for traffic ranking; 2) nethogs eth0 to view per-process traffic; 3) tcpdump -i eth0 -w /root/capture.pcap port 443 for capturing packets and using wireshark to analyze syn/ack, mss and retransmission.6.
persistent traffic statistics: vnstat deployment
steps: 1) apt install vnstat && systemctl enable --now vnstat; 2) if the interface name is not eth0, edit /etc/vnstat.conf to specify the interface; 3) use vnstat -l to monitor real-time, vnstat -d/ -w to view daily/weekly statistics; 4) use crontab to export data and make long-term curves.7.
graphical monitoring: netdata and prometheus+grafana
quick deployment: 1) install netdata with one click: bash <(curl -ss https://my-netdata.io/kickstart.sh); 2) visit http://8.
automated and scheduled detection script examples
sample script: use cron to run mtr -r -c 100 -w <target ip> > /var/log/mtr-$(date +%f-%h).log every hour and use simple grep to analyze packet loss mutations; use iperf3 client script to test once a day and push the results to the log server or email alert.9.
how to judge whether it is a "genuine cn2" and key points for communicating with the provider
practical points: when the provider promises "cn2", ask it to provide exit ip, as path screenshots or bgp announcements, or see cn2/shorter as paths and low latency in the routing; send your mtr/traceroute/iperf data to the other party for confirmation, and ask for a line change or refund if necessary.10.
common fault location process
steps: 1) confirm the local firewall/speed limit: iptables -l, tc qdisc show; 2) confirm whether the vps internal cpu/io is a bottleneck: htop/iostat; 3) if only the opposite side has high packet loss, ask the other side to provide upstream link logs and use multi-target mtr to troubleshoot.11.
question: how to quickly verify whether hong kong vps uses cn2 backhaul?
answer: go to multiple mainland nodes (beijing/guangzhou/shanghai/fuzhou) through mtr/traceroute, observe whether the delay in the first few hops after entering china drops sharply and the packet loss is low, and look for the "cn2" logo in the routing host name; also check the whois/bgp origin asn for evidence.12.
q: what is the recommended solution for long-term traffic monitoring on vps?
answer: recommended combination: vnstat for lightweight persistent statistics, netdata for real-time visualization, and prometheus+grafana for history and alarms. if you only need a simple view, vnstat+iftop will suffice.13.
q: how should i communicate with the merchant if i find that the route is unstable or the bandwidth is not up to standard?
answer: first collect evidence (mtr/traceroute, iperf3 logs, vnstat history), locate the time window and target province, and submit it to the merchant to request for troubleshooting bgp or link problems; if necessary, request to change to a clearly marked cn2 node and obtain asn/export ip certificate.
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